Implementation of Hamka's Philosophical Thoughts in Guidance and Counseling Services for the Elderly With Empty Nest Syndrome in Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Empty nest syndrome is a psychosocial condition frequently experienced by older adults following children’s independence and departure from the household. This transition may lead to loneliness, loss of social roles, reduced meaning in life, and increased vulnerability to mental health problems. A holistic and culturally sensitive approach is therefore required. Hamka’s philosophical thought, emphasizing moral integrity, spiritual awareness, and social responsibility, offers a relevant framework to strengthen Guidance and Counseling (BK) services for older adults in Indonesia.
Methods: This study employed a conceptual literature review of Hamka’s philosophical works, peer-reviewed articles on elderly mental health, and policy documents related to BK services. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify moral, ethical, and spiritual values relevant to the psychosocial needs of older adults and their potential application in counseling services.
Results: The analysis identified core values including moral integrity, spiritual strengthening, character development, and redefinition of social roles in later life. These principles align with the psychosocial challenges of empty nest syndrome and can inform individual and group counseling interventions.
Conclusion: Integrating Hamka’s philosophical values into BK services may enhance holistic mental health and psychosocial well-being among older adults within the Indonesian cultural context.
How to Cite
Views / Downloads
Files
License
Authors who publish with Poltekita : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic License.
Poltekita : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License
You are free to:
- Share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
References
Aiken, L. R. (1995). Personality and Problems of Adjustment. In Aging: An Introduction to Gerontology (Vol. 5, pp. 134–169). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452232683.n5
Ambarwati, G. A., & Pandin, M. G. R. (2024). Character Education as An Effort to Improve Psychosocial Well-being. Ganesha Civic Education Journal, 6(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.23887/gancej.v6i1.4949
Arya Fendha Ibnu Shina. (2022). How Meaning of Life Correlates with Emptiness Syndrome of Minangkabau Elderly Women. IJIP : Indonesian Journal of Islamic Psychology, 4(2), 50–57. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijip.v4i2.2
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. SAGE Publications. https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/asi/thematic-analysis/book248481
Corey, G. (2017). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy (10th ed.). Cengage Learning. https://faculty.cengage.com/works/9780357671429
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://collegepublishing.sagepub.com/products/qualitative-inquiry-and-research-design-4-246896
Etikan, I. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Hurlock, E. B. (2019). Developmental psychology: A life-span approach. Erlangga.
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Indonesia Health Profile 2022. https://kemkes.go.id/eng/profil-kesehatan-indonesia-2022
Moleong, L. J. (2022). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Papalia, D. E., & Martorell, G. (2021). Experience Human Development (Vol. 14). https://www.mheducation.com/unitas/highered/changes/papalia-experience-human-development-14e.pdf
Pinquart, M., & Sörensen, S. (2003). Associations of Stressors and Uplifts of Caregiving With Caregiver Burden and Depressive Mood: A Meta-Analysis. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 58(2), P112–P128. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/58.2.P112
Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P. A., & Hall, A. (2020). Fundamentals of Nursing (10th ed.). Elsevier.
Rahmah, S. (2015). Pendekatan Konseling Spiritual pada Lanjut Usia (Lansia). Al-Hiwar Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknik Dakwah, 03(05), 34–47. https://jurnal.uin-antasari.ac.id/index.php/alhiwar/article/view/1198
Ramadhan, C. S., & Bahiroh, S. (2021). Pemahaman Guru Bimbingan Konseling Tentang Nilai-nilai Religiusitas Islam dan Implementasinya dalam Bimbingan dan Konseling Kelompok. Islamic Counseling : Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 5(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.29240/jbk.v5i1.2051
Rambe, M. S., Saputri, N. M. I., & Siregar, A. T. (2025). Fitrah Based Group Counseling: A Holistic Approach to Enhancing Students’ Career Maturity in The Digital Era and Creative Economy. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(04), 1007–1024. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v14i04.9103
Santrock, J. W. (2019). Life-span Development (17th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Life_span_Development.html?hl=id&id=TfV7tQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for Information, 22(2), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.3233/EFI-2004-22201
Silvanus Daempal, Y. (2021). Strengthening Character Education Through Guidance and Counseling Management. Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 5(2), 279–286. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JERE/article/view/31594
Steenbrink, K. (1994). Hamka (1908-1981) and the Integration of the Islamic Ummah of Indonesia. Studia Islamika, 1(3), 119–147. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v1i3.851
Stuart, G. W. (2021). Principles and practice of psychiatric nursing (2nd ed.). Elsevier. https://shop.elsevier.com/books/prinsip-dan-praktik-keperawatan-kesehatan-jiwa-stuart/keliat/978-981-4865-95-1
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2020). World Population Aging 2020 Highlights. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3898412/files/undesa_pd-2020_world_population_ageing_highlights.pdf
Willis, L., Goodwin, J., Lee, K.-O., Mosqueda, L., Garry, P., Liu, P., Linn, R., & Wayne, S. (1997). Impact of Psychosocial Factors on Health Outcomes in the Elderly. Journal of Aging and Health, 9(3), 396–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/089826439700900307
World Health Organization. (2025). Mental Health of Older Adults. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-of-older-adults
Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2020). The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy (6th ed.). Basic Book. https://pinkpantheractivists.au/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Theory-and-Practice-of-Group-Psychhe-Irvin-D.-Yalom-Molyn-Leszcz.pdf
Yandri, H., & Juliawati, D. (2025). Spiritual Counseling Grounded in Buya Hamka’s Tazkiyatun an-Nafs: Relevance and Implementation in the Context of Psychological Issues. Indonesian Journal of Counseling and Development, 7(1), 146–159. https://doi.org/10.32939/ijcd.v7i1.5772
Similar Articles
Similar Articles
- Hana Aisyatul R., Ika Yudianti, Endah Kamila Mas’udah, History of Types and Length of Contraceptive Methods Use with Pre-Menopausal Complaints in Pre-Menopausal Women , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024)
- Ni Kadek Muliawati, Ni Luh Putu Dewi Puspawati, Activeness of Visits to Integrated Healthcare Post and the Quality of Life among the Elderly in Peguyangan Kangin Village, North Denpasar, Bali , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 16 No. 4 (2023): February
- Sitawati Sitawati, Suriah Suriah, Saidah Syamsuddin, Sutinah Made, Werna Nontji, Muhammad Tamar, The Effect of Spiritual Guidance of Reproductive Health by Booklets on The Changes of Adolescent's sAttitudes: Dating Status In Premarital Sexual Behavior , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): August
- Baharuddin Condeng, Effects of Counseling on the Quality of Life of MDR Lung TB Patients , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 17 No. 1 (2023): May
- Andi Daramusseng, Sulistiyani, Suhartono, Yusniar Hanani Darundiati, A Review of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) Exposure and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025)
- Rizky Alfiqi Nuriza, Setyo Sri Rahardjo, Lilik Wijayanti, The Effect of Ethanol Ants Nest Extract on Profil Lipid Mice Model Obesity with Type 2 Diabetes , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 17 No. 3 (2023): November
- Joko Sapto Pramono, Riana Sudding, Tini Tini, Relationship between Side Effects of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs (ATDs) and Adherence to Medication in Elderly Patients with Tuberculosis , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): August
- T. Iskandar Faisal, Nurmiaty, Theosobia Grace Orno, Rahmat Kurniawan, Health Status of Women in Tondo Permanent Residence: Metabolic Syndrome and Quality of Life , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025)
- Elna Sari, Rasniah Sarumi, Ayu Naningsih, Endang Sri Mulyawati, Muhammad Suriyadarman Rianse, Group Counseling with A Behavioral Approach to Develop Adolescent Life Skills for Mitigating Occupational Health Risks at SMAN 4 Raha , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025)
- Rosmin Ilham, Rizal Lamusu, Ilyas Abas, Rona Febriyona, Non-Communicable Disease Early Detection Among Older Adults in Gorontalo: Baseline Findings for a Family-Centered Nursing Digital System , Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan: Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026)
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
