Hypnotherapy Intervention Can Reducing Anxiety and Cortisol in Pregnancy

https://doi.org/10.33860/jik.v17i1.2095

Authors

  • Finta Isti Kundarti Departement of Midwifery, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
  • I Nengah Tanu Komalyna Departement of Nutrition, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

Keywords:

Hypnotherapy, anxiety, cortisol, Pregnancy

Abstract

Pregnant women can experience anxiety during pregnancy. To enhance mental health during pregnancy, interventions related to the relation of the mental body are important. The goal of this research was to determine the effect of hypnotherapy on anxiety and cortisol. The present sample consists of 60 primiparous women with single and regular pregnancies, 18-28 weeks gestation, and a randomized control trial. The group consists of the monitoring group (n = 30) and the hypnotherapy group (n = 30). Intervention with hypnotherapy was performed twice for 7 weeks. Assessment of anxiety at baseline and after 7 weeks of intervention by PASS and blood cortisol. Hypnotherapy intervention and quality treatment obtained by the hypnotherapy community; standard care received by the control group. The result show that The hypnosis in pregnancy intervention could significantly decrease anxiety at the lower level than control group (m=21.07 ± SD=11.98 vs m=34.00 ± SD=17.35),. The hypnotherapy in pregnancy intervention could significantly decrease cortisol lower than control groups (m=14.64, ± SD=5.53 vs m=21.51, ± SD=8,83). The conclusion is intervention with hypnotherapy may enhance pregnant women's mental health, as shown by reducing anxiety and cortisol. Hypnotherapy is an intervention that needs to be provided during pregnancy in midwifery programs to improve the health of mothers and babies.

References

Dın ZU, Ambreen S, Iqbal Z, Iqbal M, Ahmad S. Determinants of antenatal psychological distress in Pakistani women. Noropsikiyatri Arsivi. 2016 Jun 1;53(2):152–7. https://doi.org/10.5152/npa.2015.10235

Remes O, Brayne C, van der Linde R, Lafortune L. A systematic review of reviews on the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adult populations. Vol. 6, Brain and Behavior. John Wiley and Sons Ltd; 2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.497

Betegón ÁA, García Moliner M, Nadal GM, Camacho Sáez A, Tercero SP, Tricas JG, et al. matr nas Revisión bibliográfica. Vol. 18, Matronas Prof. 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2445/119722

Hamdamian S, Nazarpour S, Simbar M, Hajian S, Mojab F, Talebi A. Effects of aromatherapy with Rosa damascena on nulliparous women’s pain and anxiety of labor during first stage of labor. J Integr Med. 2018 Mar 1;16(2):120–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2018.02.005

Radoš SN, Tadinac M, Herman R. Anxiety during pregnancy and postpartum: Course, predictors and comorbidity with postpartum depression. Acta Clin Croat. 2018;57(1):39–51. https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2018.57.01.05

Field T. Prenatal anxiety effects: a review. Infant Behavior and Development. 2017 Nov 1;49:120-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.08.008

Madhavanprabhakaran GK, D’Souza MS, Nairy KS. Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors. Int J Afr Nurs Sci. 2015 Jul 1; 3:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2015.06.002

Lee H, Kim KE, Kim MY, Park CG, Han JY, Choi EJ. Trajectories of depressive symptoms and anxiety during pregnancy and associations with pregnancy stress. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 1;18(5):1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052733

Gul F, Sherin A, Jabeen M, Khan SA. Association of stress with anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2017 Dec 1;67(12):1803-08.

Brunton R, Simpson N, Dryer R. Pregnancy-related anxiety, perceived parental self-efficacy and the influence of parity and age. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 2;17(18):1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186709

Bayrampour H, Ali E, McNeil DA, Benzies K, MacQueen G, Tough S. Pregnancy-related anxiety: A concept analysis. Vol. 55, International Journal of Nursing Studies. Elsevier Ltd; 2016. p. 115–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.10.023

Lawrence PJ, Creswell C, Cooper PJ, Murray L. The role of maternal anxiety disorder subtype, parenting and infant stable temperamental inhibition in child anxiety: a prospective longitudinal study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020 Jul 1;61(7):779–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13187

Seiler A, Fagundes CP, Christian LM. The impact of everyday stressors on the immune system and health. In: Stress Challenges and Immunity in Space: From Mechanisms to Monitoring and Preventive Strategies. Springer International Publishing; 2019. p. 71–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16996-1_6

Leff-Gelman P, Flores-Ramos M, Carrasco AEÁ, Martínez ML, Takashima MFS, Coronel FMC, et al. Cortisol and DHEA-S levels in pregnant women with severe anxiety. BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 5;20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02788-6

Weaver IC, Korgan AC, Lee K, Wheeler RV, Hundert AS, Goguen D. Stress and the emerging roles of chromatin remodeling in signal integration and stable transmission of reversible phenotypes. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. 2017 Mar 15;11:41.https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00041

Ramos IF, Ross KM, Rinne GR, Somers JA, Mancuso RA, Hobel CJ, et al. Pregnancy anxiety, placental corticotropin-releasing hormone and length of gestation. Biol Psychol. 2022 Jul 1;172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108376

Seth S, Lewis AJ, Galbally M. Perinatal maternal depression and cortisol function in pregnancy and the postpartum period: A systematic literature review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016 May 31;16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0915-y

Gelman PL, Flores-Ramos M, López-Martínez M, Fuentes CC, Grajeda JPR. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function during perinatal depression. Neuroscience Bulletin. Science Press. 2015;31:338–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-014-1508-2

Fan F, Zou Y, Zhang Y, Ma X, Zhang J, Liu C, et al. The relationship between maternal anxiety and cortisol during pregnancy and birth weight of chinese neonates. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Jun 27;18(1). https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12884-018-1798-x

Yong-Ku Kim. Anxiety Disorders Rethinking and Understanding Recent Discoveries [Internet]. Available from: http://www.springer.com/series/5584.

Nabhan AF, Aflaifel N. High feedback versus low feedback of prenatal ultrasound for reducing maternal anxiety and improving maternal health behaviour in pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015(8). https://doi.org/ 10.1002/14651858.CD007208.pub3

De Benedittis G. Neural mechanisms of hypnosis and meditation. Journal of Physiology-Paris. 2015 Dec 1;109(4-6):152-64.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2015.11.001

Kang YT, Yao Y, Dou J, Guo X, Li SY, Zhao CN, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of maternal anxiety in late pregnancy in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 May 1;13(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13050468

Hou Q, Li S, Jiang C, Huang Y, Huang L, Ye J, et al. The associations between maternal lifestyles and antenatal stress and anxiety in Chinese pregnant women: A cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2018 Dec 1;8(1). https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-018-28974-x

Biaggi A, Conroy S, Pawlby S, Pariante CM. Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review. Vol. 191, Journal of Affective Disorders. Elsevier B.V.; 2016. p. 62–77. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014

Bosquet Enlow M, Sideridis G, Chiu YHM, Nentin F, Howell EA, Le Grand BA, et al. Associations among maternal socioeconomic status in childhood and pregnancy and hair cortisol in pregnancy.Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019 Jan 1;99:216–24. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.017

Hasanjanzadeh P, Faramarzi M. Relationship between maternal general and specific-pregnancy stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms and pregnancy outcome. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2017 Apr 1;11(4):VC04–7. https://doi.org/ 10.7860/JCDR/2017/24352.9616

Gillespie SL, Mitchell AM, Kowalsky JM, Christian LM. Maternal parity and perinatal cortisol adaptation: The role of pregnancy-specific distress and implications for postpartum mood. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 Nov 1;97:86–93. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.07.008

Fisch S, Brinkhaus B, Teut M. Hypnosis in patients with perceived stress - A systematic review. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1806-0

Finlayson K, Downe S, Hinder S, Carr H, Spiby H, Whorwell P. Unexpected consequences: Women’s experiences of a self-hypnosis intervention to help with pain relief during labour. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015 Sep 25;15(1). https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12884-015-0659-0

Wortzel J, Spiegel D. Hypnosis in Cancer Care. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis. 2017 Jun 2;60(1):4–17. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00029157.2017.1290577

Yapko MD. Yapko, Michael D - Essentials of hypnosis-Routledge (2015). https://libgen.is/book/index.php?md5=09D85A146E0DFD2E1C8DD242921CF908

Jiang H, White MP, Greicius MD, Waelde LC, Spiegel D. Brain activity and functional connectivity associated with hypnosis. Cerebral Cortex. 2017 Aug 1;27(8):4083–93. https://doi.org/ 10.1093/cercor/bhw220

Atis FY, Rathfisch G. The effect of hypnobirthing training given in the antenatal period on birth pain and fear. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018 Nov 1;33:77–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.08.004

Zhang Y, Yang XX, Luo JY, Liang M, Li N, Tao Q, et al. Randomized trial estimating effects of hypnosis versus progressive muscle relaxation on medical students’ test anxiety and attentional bias . World J Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 19;12(6):801–13. https://doi.org/ 10.5498/wjp.v12.i6.801

Talebiazar N, Choobianzali B, Hassanpour A, Goli R, Shakorzadeh S, Ghalandari M. The effect of hypnotherapy on the hospital anxiety in three children with cancer: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022 Apr 1;93. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.106961

Wolf TG, Faerber KA, Rummel C, Halsband U, Campus G. Functional Changes in Brain Activity Using Hypnosis: A Systematic Review. Vol. 12, Brain Sciences. MDPI; 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12010108

Venkatesh KK, Ferguson KK, Smith NA, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF. Association of Antenatal Depression with Clinical Subtypes of Preterm Birth. Am J Perinatol. 2019;36(6):567–73. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675646

Liou SR, Wang P, Cheng CY. Effects of prenatal maternal mental distress on birth outcomes. Women and Birth. 2016 Aug 1;29(4):376–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2016.03.004

Voit FAC, Kajantie E, Lemola S, Räikkönen K, Wolke D, Schnitzlein DD. Maternal mental health and adverse birth outcomes. PLoS One. 2022 Aug 1;17(8 August). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272210

Downloads

Published

2023-05-31

How to Cite

Kundarti, F. I. ., & Komalyna, I. N. T. . (2023). Hypnotherapy Intervention Can Reducing Anxiety and Cortisol in Pregnancy . Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 17(1), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.33860/jik.v17i1.2095

Issue

Section

Original Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.